Gmail keyboard shortcuts

Gmail has one of the best keyboard shortcut systems of any web app: single keys like c, e, and r let you compose, archive, and reply without ever touching the mouse. Important: most of these only work after you enable them in Settings > See all settings > General > Keyboard shortcuts > On. Chorded sequences like g then i are pressed one key after the other, not held together. This cheat sheet covers 60 default shortcuts for Windows and Mac.

Compose & Send

Compose new messagecc
Compose in a new tabdd
Send messageCtrl+EnterCmd+Enter
Add cc recipientsCtrl+Shift+CCmd+Shift+C
Add bcc recipientsCtrl+Shift+BCmd+Shift+B
Discard draftCtrl+Shift+DCmd+Shift+D

Reply & Forward

Replyrr
Reply allaa
Forwardff
Reply in a new windowShift+RShift+R
Reply all in a new windowShift+AShift+A
Forward in a new windowShift+FShift+F

Actions on Conversations

Archiveee
Delete##
Report as spam!!
Mute conversationmm
Star or unstarss
Snoozebb
Mark as readShift+IShift+I
Mark as unreadShift+UShift+U
Open label menull
Move to folder or labelvv
Add conversation to TasksShift+TShift+T
Undo last actionzz
Archive and go to previous conversation]]
Archive and go to next conversation[[
Open more actions menu..

Navigation & Reading

Newer conversationkk
Older conversationjj
Open conversationoo
Open conversation (alternative)EnterEnter
Back to conversation listuu
Next message in conversationnn
Previous message in conversationpp
Expand entire conversation;;
Collapse entire conversation::
Search mail//
Show keyboard shortcut help??

Selection

Select or deselect conversationxx
Select all conversations*thena*thena
Deselect all conversations*thenn*thenn
Select all read conversations*thenr*thenr
Select all unread conversations*thenu*thenu
Select all starred conversations*thens*thens
Select all unstarred conversations*thent*thent

Go To (chords)

Go to Inboxgthenigtheni
Go to Starredgthensgthens
Go to Sentgthentgthent
Go to Draftsgthendgthend
Go to All Mailgthenagthena
Go to Contactsgthencgthenc
Go to Tasksgthenkgthenk

Formatting (in compose)

BoldCtrl+BCmd+B
ItalicCtrl+ICmd+I
UnderlineCtrl+UCmd+U
Insert linkCtrl+KCmd+K
Numbered listCtrl+Shift+7Cmd+Shift+7
Bulleted listCtrl+Shift+8Cmd+Shift+8
Remove formattingCtrl+\Cmd+\
Undo in composeCtrl+ZCmd+Z

Put your top Gmail shortcuts on real keys

The five Gmail actions most worth binding to a physical macropad key:

ee Archive The core of inbox-zero triage; you press it more than any other key in Gmail.
cc Compose new message Start a fresh email instantly from anywhere in Gmail.
Ctrl+EnterCmd+Enter Send message Fire off the finished email without reaching for the Send button.
[[ Archive and go to next conversation Processes an entire inbox one tap at a time: archive, advance, repeat.
bb Snooze Punt non-urgent mail to later and keep the inbox clean during triage.

I hand-build small-batch programmable macropads (QMK/VIA) in Barcelona. One press, any shortcut, any app.

See the macropads

Gmail shortcut FAQs

Why are Gmail keyboard shortcuts not working?
Single-key shortcuts are off by default. Go to Settings (gear icon) > See all settings > General > Keyboard shortcuts, select Keyboard shortcuts on, and save. Shortcuts also pause while your cursor is inside a text field.
How do I see all keyboard shortcuts in Gmail?
Press ? (Shift+/) anywhere in Gmail to open the full shortcut overlay. It also shows which shortcuts are currently disabled.
What do 'g then i' style shortcuts mean in Gmail?
They are two-key sequences: press g, release it, then press i. Held-together combos like Ctrl+Enter are different and are written with a plus sign.
What is the difference between archive and delete in Gmail?
Archive (e) removes the conversation from your inbox but keeps it in All Mail forever. Delete (#) moves it to Trash, where it is permanently erased after 30 days.
Can I customize Gmail keyboard shortcuts?
Yes. Enable Custom keyboard shortcuts in Settings > Advanced, then a Keyboard Shortcuts tab appears in settings where you can remap most keys.